{"id":18942,"date":"2026-11-11T22:48:33","date_gmt":"2026-11-11T21:48:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.s-vt.net\/instalatii-de-apa-demineralizata-si-bucle-de-distributie\/"},"modified":"2026-11-11T23:18:46","modified_gmt":"2026-11-11T22:18:46","slug":"di-water-plants","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.s-vt.net\/ro\/di-water-plants\/","title":{"rendered":"Instala\u021bii de ap\u0103 demineralizat\u0103 \u0219i bucle de distribu\u021bie"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style='' class=''><section class='page-content' style=''  ><section class='container'><div style='' class=''><div class='row' style=''><div style='' class=''><div class='col-md-12 ' style=''><div style='' class=''><div class='cma-wysiwyg-editor'><p class=\"svt-lead2\">Apa este o materie prim\u0103 \u0219i un auxiliar important \u00een fabricarea produselor cosmetice \u0219i farmaceutice. \u00cen plus, serve\u0219te ca agent de cl\u0103tire pentru <a href=\"https:\/\/www.s-vt.net\/ro\/cip-sip-systems\/\">cur\u0103\u021barea CIP<\/a> a componentelor instala\u021biei \u0219i a conductelor \u2013 de aceea, instala\u021biile de ap\u0103 demineralizat\u0103 fac parte din sistemele-cheie ale produc\u021biei.<\/p><div class=\"svt-ptiles\"><div class=\"svt-ptile\"><i class=\"fa fa-tint\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><strong>Osmoz\u0103 invers\u0103 \u0219i EDI<\/strong><span>Desalinizare cu rate de re\u021binere ridicate \u0219i marj\u0103 de siguran\u021b\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 de valorile-limit\u0103.<\/span><\/div><div class=\"svt-ptile\"><i class=\"fa fa-refresh\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><strong>Bucle de distribu\u021bie<\/strong><span>Circula\u021bie permanent\u0103, f\u0103r\u0103 ap\u0103 stagnant\u0103, p\u00e2n\u0103 la fiecare punct de prelevare.<\/span><\/div><div class=\"svt-ptile\"><i class=\"fa fa-check-square-o\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><strong>Calificare GMP<\/strong><span>De la analiza riscurilor, prin DQ, IQ, OQ \u0219i PQ, p\u00e2n\u0103 la raport.<\/span><\/div><\/div><h2>Calit\u0103\u021bile apei pe scurt<\/h2><p>Diversele ramuri industriale impun cerin\u021be diferite privind calitatea apei. Denumirile uzuale sunt:<\/p><ul class=\"svt-checks\"><li>ap\u0103 demineralizat\u0103 \u2013 ap\u0103 complet desalinizat\u0103, respectiv deionizat\u0103 (deionat)<\/li><li>PW \u2013 Purified Water (ap\u0103 purificat\u0103)<\/li><li>HPW \u2013 Highly Purified Water (ap\u0103 \u00eenalt purificat\u0103)<\/li><li>WFI \u2013 Water for Injection (ap\u0103 pentru preparate injectabile)<\/li><\/ul><p>Ca m\u0103sur\u0103 a gradului de puritate a apei demineralizate serve\u0219te de obicei conductivitatea electric\u0103 \u00een \u00b5S\/cm. Conductivimetrele o m\u0103soar\u0103 direct \u00een instala\u021bie.<\/p><h2>Cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 producerea apei prin osmoz\u0103 invers\u0103<\/h2><p>Procesul de <a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Umkehrosmose\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">osmoz\u0103 invers\u0103<\/a> elimin\u0103 \u00een mare m\u0103sur\u0103 substan\u021bele dizolvate din apa brut\u0103. Un lan\u021b de tratare tipic arat\u0103 astfel:<\/p><ol class=\"svt-steps\"><li><span class=\"svt-step-n\">1<\/span><strong>Filtrare<\/strong><span class=\"svt-step-tx\">Filtrele multistrat, cu cartu\u0219, de ultrafiltrare sau de microfiltrare elimin\u0103 particulele \u0219i turbiditatea.<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"svt-step-n\">2<\/span><strong>C\u0103rbune activ<\/strong><span class=\"svt-step-tx\">Filtrele cu c\u0103rbune activ reduc agen\u021bii oxidan\u021bi \u0219i re\u021bin impurit\u0103\u021bile organice cu mas\u0103 molecular\u0103 mic\u0103.<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"svt-step-n\">3<\/span><strong>Dedurizare<\/strong><span class=\"svt-step-tx\">Calciul, magneziul \u0219i fierul bivalent sunt schimbate cu ioni de sodiu \u2013 deosebit de important \u00een cazul unui con\u021binut ridicat de calcar.<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"svt-step-n\">4<\/span><strong>osmoz\u0103 invers\u0103<\/strong><span class=\"svt-step-tx\">Membrana separ\u0103 apa de alimentare \u00een permeat (ap\u0103 pur\u0103) \u0219i concentrat.<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"svt-step-n\">5<\/span><strong>EDI sau treapta a 2-a<\/strong><span class=\"svt-step-tx\">O electrodeionizare sau o a doua treapt\u0103 de osmoz\u0103 reduce \u0219i mai mult con\u021binutul rezidual de s\u0103ruri.<\/span><\/li><li><span class=\"svt-step-n\">6<\/span><strong>Rezervor tampon<\/strong><span class=\"svt-step-tx\">Apa demineralizat\u0103 este stocat\u0103 \u0219i distribuit\u0103 prin bucla de distribu\u021bie.<\/span><\/li><\/ol><p>Din cauza suprafe\u021bei interioare mari a patului de r\u0103\u0219in\u0103, dedurizarea este elementul cel mai critic din punct de vedere microbiologic al \u00eentregului lan\u021b de tratare. O dezinfec\u021bie chimic\u0103 \u00een timpul regener\u0103rii men\u021bine num\u0103rul de germeni la un nivel tolerabil. Tot mai des se folosesc \u00eens\u0103 instala\u021bii sanitizabile cu ap\u0103 fierbinte.<\/p><p>\u00cen instala\u021biile moderne, osmoza invers\u0103 este procedeul preferat pentru desalinizare, deoarece ofer\u0103 numeroase avantaje fa\u021b\u0103 de schimb\u0103toarele de ioni. Ca proces cu membran\u0103, este at\u00e2t o filtrare mecanic\u0103, c\u00e2t \u0219i una chimic\u0103. Instala\u021bia preseaz\u0103 apa de alimentare printr-o membran\u0103 semipermeabil\u0103 cu o presiune superioar\u0103 presiunii osmotice.<\/p><p>Rezult\u0103 astfel dou\u0103 fluxuri: un concentrat cu s\u0103rurile \u0219i impurit\u0103\u021bile separate \u0219i un permeat \u2013 ap\u0103 pur\u0103 cu un con\u021binut foarte sc\u0103zut de s\u0103ruri. Osmoza invers\u0103 atinge rate de re\u021binere excelente pentru s\u0103ruri, particule, microorganisme \u0219i pirogeni. Totu\u0219i, membranele sunt sensibile la colmatare (fouling), depuneri minerale (scaling) \u0219i agen\u021bi oxidan\u021bi.<\/p><p>Pentru a atinge conductivitatea cerut\u0103 urmeaz\u0103 fie o a doua treapt\u0103, fie o electrodeionizare (EDI). Ambele asigur\u0103 un con\u021binut rezidual de s\u0103ruri mai sc\u0103zut \u0219i, astfel, o marj\u0103 de siguran\u021b\u0103 mai mare fa\u021b\u0103 de valorile-limit\u0103.<\/p><h2>Sistem de comand\u0103 \u0219i rezervor tampon<\/h2><p>La instala\u021biile de dedurizare individuale, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.s-vt.net\/ro\/plant-engineering-project-execution\/#steuerungen\">sistemul de comand\u0103<\/a> ar trebui s\u0103 programeze regenerarea pe timpul nop\u021bii. Prin pretratare, randamentul instala\u021biei de osmoz\u0103 invers\u0103 cre\u0219te considerabil \u2013 de la aprox. 50% la aprox. 75%. Apa rezidual\u0103 concentrat\u0103 se scurge la canalizare, iar apa demineralizat\u0103 \u00eentr-un rezervor tampon.<\/p><p>Senzorii monitorizeaz\u0103 nivelul din rezervorul tampon \u0219i intervin direct \u00een sistemul de comand\u0103. Dac\u0103 nivelul scade sub minim, instala\u021bia de osmoz\u0103 invers\u0103 porne\u0219te produc\u021bia de ap\u0103. La nivelul maxim se opre\u0219te din nou. Astfel, instala\u021bia este utilizat\u0103 optim.<\/p><h2>Bucle de distribu\u021bie c\u0103tre punctele de prelevare<\/h2><p>De la rezervorul de stocare p\u00e2n\u0103 la fiecare punct de consum duc bucle de distribu\u021bie. Acestea \u00eempiedic\u0103 proliferarea germenilor din cauza apei stagnante. Sistemul \u00een bucl\u0103 trece pe la toate punctele de prelevare, iar ventilele manuale sau automate dirijeaz\u0103 apa c\u0103tre consumatori.<\/p><div class=\"svt-kgrid svt-kgrid-2\"><div class=\"svt-kcard\"><i class=\"fa fa-cog\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><h3>Materiale<\/h3><ul class=\"svt-klist\"><li>PVDF \u2013 doar sanitizabil chimic<\/li><li>o\u021bel inoxidabil 1.4404 \/ 1.4435 (316L) \u2013 sterilizabil<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"svt-kcard\"><i class=\"fa fa-adjust\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><h3>Suprafe\u021be<\/h3><ul class=\"svt-klist\"><li>suprafe\u021be \u00een contact cu apa: Ra &lt; 0,8 \u00b5m<\/li><li>conducte WFI: Ra 0,6\u20130,4 \u00b5m, electrolustruite \u2013 \u00een func\u021bie de cerin\u021bele clientului<\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><p>Pentru un sistem \u00een bucl\u0103 igienic se aplic\u0103, \u00een plus, urm\u0103toarele principii:<\/p><ul class=\"svt-checks\"><li>toate componentele se conecteaz\u0103 compact \u0219i cu spa\u021bii moarte minime, toate zonele trebuie sp\u0103late<\/li><li>f\u0103r\u0103 \u00eembin\u0103ri cu garnituri decalate sau filetate \u00een buclele de distribu\u021bie<\/li><li>de preferin\u021b\u0103 \u00eembin\u0103ri sterile conform DIN 11864, la alternan\u021ba cald-rece de preferin\u021b\u0103 \u00eembin\u0103ri sterile cu flan\u0219e<\/li><li>ventile cu membran\u0103 \u00een T, cu spa\u021biu mort minim, la punctele de prelevare<\/li><li>materiale de etan\u0219are cu aprobare FDA (Food and Drug Administration)<\/li><li>pasivare dup\u0103 finalizarea buclelor de distribu\u021bie \u0219i a componentelor instala\u021biei<\/li><\/ul><h2>Decontaminare, sanitizare \u0219i sterilizare<\/h2><p>Pentru a men\u021bine apa lipsit\u0103 de germeni, operatorii combin\u0103 diferite procedee. Sanitizarea \u0219i procesele SIP se desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103 \u00een cicluri stabilite. Instala\u021bia trebuie dimensionat\u0103 pentru procedeul respectiv.<\/p><div class=\"svt-kgrid svt-kgrid-2\"><div class=\"svt-kcard\"><i class=\"fa fa-sun-o\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><h3>Dezinfec\u021bie UV<\/h3><p>Lumina ultraviolet\u0103 cu lungimea de und\u0103 de 254 nm distruge ADN-ul, membrana celular\u0103 \u0219i enzimele microorganismelor. \u00cen acest scop, apa pretratat\u0103 curge controlat printr-o camer\u0103 de iradiere. Un flux c\u00e2t mai turbulent \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021be\u0219te efectul.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"svt-kcard\"><i class=\"fa fa-fire\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><h3>Sanitizare la 80 \u00b0C<\/h3><p>O instala\u021bie de ap\u0103 demineralizat\u0103 ar trebui sanitizat\u0103 de cel pu\u021bin patru ori pe an. Un schimb\u0103tor de c\u0103ldur\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103lze\u0219te rezervorul \u0219i re\u021beaua de conducte la 80 \u00b0C. Apoi apa fierbinte circul\u0103 timp de o or\u0103. Dup\u0103 aceea, sistemul este golit \u0219i reumplut cu ap\u0103 rece \u2013 la cerere, complet automat.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"svt-kcard\"><i class=\"fa fa-tachometer\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><h3>Sterilizare cu ap\u0103 fierbinte sub presiune la 110\u2013130 \u00b0C<\/h3><p>Desf\u0103\u0219urarea este similar\u0103 sanitiz\u0103rii, \u00eens\u0103 la temperaturi mai ridicate. Peste 100 \u00b0C se formeaz\u0103, pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 presiunea pompei, \u0219i o suprapresiune a aburului: la 110 \u00b0C aprox. 0,5 bar, la 121 \u00b0C circa 1 bar (aprox. 2 bar absolut). De aceea, instala\u021bia trebuie dimensionat\u0103 corespunz\u0103tor.<\/p><p>De la 100 \u00b0C, aburul disloc\u0103 aerul din rezervor. Apoi ventilul de aerisire de la filtrul steril se \u00eenchide, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t presiunea \u0219i temperatura cresc \u0219i sunt men\u021binute. \u0218i aceast\u0103 secven\u021b\u0103 poate fi complet automat\u0103.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"svt-kcard\"><i class=\"fa fa-cloud\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><h3>Sterilizare cu abur curat<\/h3><p>Acest procedeu necesit\u0103 investi\u021bii mai mari, deoarece componentele instala\u021biei trebuie s\u0103 \u00eendeplineasc\u0103 cerin\u021be mai stricte, de ex. normele AD 2000, respectiv EN ISO 17665. La aceasta se adaug\u0103 o calificare \u0219i o validare cuprinz\u0103toare. Detalii despre desf\u0103\u0219urare g\u0103si\u021bi \u00een sec\u021biunea urm\u0103toare.<\/p><\/div><\/div><h2>Desf\u0103\u0219urarea steriliz\u0103rii cu abur curat<\/h2><p>Pentru sterilizarea cu abur curat, toate componentele instala\u021biei trebuie golite complet. La punctele de prelevare \u0219i \u00een punctele cele mai joase ale conductelor sunt necesare separatoare de condens cu clapete de re\u021binere adecvate. Condensul trebuie s\u0103 se scurg\u0103 \u00een siguran\u021b\u0103 \u0219i nimeni nu trebuie s\u0103 se poat\u0103 r\u0103ni la conductele fierbin\u021bi.<\/p><p>Pentru o dezaerare sigur\u0103 se recomand\u0103 punerea sub vid a rezervorului de stocare \u0219i a re\u021belei de conducte. Apoi intr\u0103 abur curat, iar temperatura este reglat\u0103 prin presiune. Este important ca \u0219i conductele s\u0103 fie racordate la re\u021beaua de abur. Numai a\u0219a aburul ajunge p\u00e2n\u0103 la punctele de evacuare a condensului.<\/p><p>\u00cen punctele greu de sterilizat \u0219i la evacu\u0103rile de condens, senzorii de temperatur\u0103 \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 valorile \u0219i regleaz\u0103 aburul. De \u00eendat\u0103 ce to\u021bi senzorii ating temperatura de sterilizare stabilit\u0103 (de ex. 121 \u00b0C sau mai mult), \u00eencepe timpul de sterilizare. Condi\u021biile necesare sunt:<\/p><ul class=\"svt-checks\"><li>procese de sterilizare controlabile reproductibil<\/li><li>valori m\u0103surate relevante pentru calitate, stocate \u0219i documentate<\/li><li>o derulare complet automat\u0103 a steriliz\u0103rii<\/li><li>SOP-uri pentru aplicarea fiec\u0103rui procedeu de sterilizare<\/li><\/ul><h2>\u00cenc\u0103lzirea circuitelor de ap\u0103<\/h2><p>Schimb\u0103toarele de c\u0103ldur\u0103 cu fascicul tubular, sigure \u00eempotriva scurgerilor, \u00eenc\u0103lzesc circuitul de ap\u0103. Pentru a evita proliferarea germenilor, apa cald\u0103 ar trebui stocat\u0103 la 70\u201399 \u00b0C. Apa rece, \u00een schimb, ar trebui s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 sub 18 \u00b0C. De acest lucru se ocup\u0103 un r\u0103citor de retur \u00een bucla de distribu\u021bie.<\/p><h2>Calificarea instala\u021biilor de ap\u0103 demineralizat\u0103<\/h2><p>Pentru a \u00eendeplini cerin\u021bele GMP privind instala\u021biile de ap\u0103, este necesar\u0103 o calificare. Aceasta cuprinde urm\u0103toarele etape:<\/p><ul class=\"svt-tags\"><li>RA \u2013 analiza riscurilor<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.s-vt.net\/ro\/design-qualification\/\">DQ \u2013 calificarea designului<\/a><\/li><li>IQ \u2013 calificarea instal\u0103rii<\/li><li>CAL \u2013 calibrare<\/li><li>OQ \u2013 calificarea opera\u021bional\u0103<\/li><li>PQ \u2013 calificarea performan\u021bei<\/li><li>R \u2013 raport<\/li><\/ul><p>Lucr\u0103rile de calificare ar trebui specificate riguros \u00eenc\u0103 din caietul de sarcini.<\/p><p>Procesul de <strong>SEEFRIED Verfahrenstechnik GmbH<\/strong> v\u0103 sprijin\u0103 at\u00e2t la dimensionarea, c\u00e2t \u0219i la calificarea instala\u021biei dumneavoastr\u0103 de ap\u0103 demineralizat\u0103.<\/p><h2>\u00centreb\u0103ri frecvente despre instala\u021biile de ap\u0103 demineralizat\u0103 \u0219i buclele de distribu\u021bie<\/h2><h3>Ce calit\u0103\u021bi de ap\u0103 se folosesc \u00een industria farmaceutic\u0103 \u0219i cosmetic\u0103?<\/h3><p>Uzuale sunt apa demineralizat\u0103 (ap\u0103 complet desalinizat\u0103, respectiv deionizat\u0103), Purified Water (PW), Highly Purified Water (HPW) \u0219i Water for Injection (WFI). Gradul de puritate se determin\u0103 de obicei prin conductivitatea electric\u0103 \u00een \u00b5S\/cm.<\/p><h3>Cum se produce apa demineralizat\u0103 prin osmoz\u0103 invers\u0103?<\/h3><p>Dup\u0103 o treapt\u0103 de filtrare \u0219i, eventual, un filtru cu c\u0103rbune activ \u0219i dedurizare, osmoza invers\u0103 preseaz\u0103 apa printr-o membran\u0103 semipermeabil\u0103. Pentru conductivit\u0103\u021bi foarte sc\u0103zute urmeaz\u0103 o a doua treapt\u0103 sau o electrodeionizare (EDI). Apa pur\u0103 este stocat\u0103 \u00eentr-un rezervor tampon.<\/p><h3>De ce se folosesc bucle de distribu\u021bie?<\/h3><p>Buclele de distribu\u021bie men\u021bin apa \u00een mi\u0219care permanent\u0103 \u0219i \u00eempiedic\u0103 proliferarea germenilor din cauza apei stagnante. Uzuale sunt o\u021belul inoxidabil 316L sau PVDF cu suprafe\u021be Ra &lt; 0,8 \u00b5m, ventile cu membran\u0103 cu spa\u021biu mort minim \u0219i \u00eembin\u0103ri sterile conform DIN 11864.<\/p><h3>C\u00e2t de des ar trebui sanitizat\u0103 o instala\u021bie de ap\u0103 demineralizat\u0103?<\/h3><p>De cel pu\u021bin patru ori pe an, de obicei prin \u00eenc\u0103lzire la 80 \u00b0C \u0219i o or\u0103 de circula\u021bie. Alternative sunt sterilizarea cu ap\u0103 fierbinte sub presiune la 110\u2013130 \u00b0C sau sterilizarea cu abur curat.<\/p><h3>Ce calificare este necesar\u0103 pentru instala\u021biile de ap\u0103 GMP?<\/h3><p>Analiza riscurilor, DQ, IQ, calibrarea, OQ, PQ \u0219i un raport final. Lucr\u0103rile de calificare ar trebui specificate \u00eenc\u0103 din caietul de sarcini.<\/p><h2 class=\"svt-pcta-h\">Contacta\u021bi-ne<\/h2><div class=\"svt-pcta svt-pcta-m\"><div class=\"svt-pcta-tx\">V\u0103 oferim cu pl\u0103cere consultan\u021b\u0103 privind instala\u021biile de ap\u0103 demineralizat\u0103 \u0219i buclele de distribu\u021bie \u2013 telefonic la <a href=\"tel:+494203789492\">+49 4203 789492<\/a> sau prin e-mail la <a href=\"mailto:in&#102;&#111;&#64;s-&#118;t&#46;ne&#116;\">i&#110;&#102;o&#64;&#115;-vt.&#110;&#101;&#116;<\/a>.<\/div><div class=\"svt-pcta-btns\"><a class=\"svt-btn svt-btn-primary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.s-vt.net\/ro\/contact\/?produkt=Verfahrenstechnische%20Beratung\">Solicita\u021bi consultan\u021b\u0103<\/a><a class=\"svt-btn svt-btn-ghost\" href=\"https:\/\/www.s-vt.net\/ro\/process-engineering\/\">Toate serviciile de consultan\u021b\u0103<\/a><\/div><\/div><h2>Alte servicii de consultan\u021b\u0103<\/h2><div class=\"svt-sgrid\"><a class=\"svt-scard\" href=\"https:\/\/www.s-vt.net\/ro\/homogenizing-technology\/\"><span>Tehnic\u0103 de omogenizare<\/span><i class=\"fa fa-angle-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><a class=\"svt-scard\" href=\"https:\/\/www.s-vt.net\/ro\/mixing-homogenizing-processes\/\"><span>Tehnologia proceselor \u00een tehnica de agitare \u0219i omogenizare<\/span><i class=\"fa fa-angle-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><a class=\"svt-scard\" href=\"https:\/\/www.s-vt.net\/ro\/temperature-control-systems\/\"><span>Sisteme de termostatare<\/span><i class=\"fa fa-angle-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><a class=\"svt-scard\" href=\"https:\/\/www.s-vt.net\/ro\/cip-sip-systems\/\"><span>Sisteme CIP\/SIP<\/span><i class=\"fa fa-angle-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><a class=\"svt-scard\" href=\"https:\/\/www.s-vt.net\/ro\/transfer-systems\/\"><span>Sisteme de transfer<\/span><i class=\"fa fa-angle-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><a class=\"svt-scard\" href=\"https:\/\/www.s-vt.net\/ro\/plant-engineering-project-execution\/#steuerungen\"><span>Sisteme de comand\u0103<\/span><i class=\"fa fa-angle-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><a class=\"svt-scard\" href=\"https:\/\/www.s-vt.net\/ro\/software-interface-description\/\"><span>Software \u0219i descrieri de interfe\u021be<\/span><i class=\"fa fa-angle-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><a class=\"svt-scard\" href=\"https:\/\/www.s-vt.net\/ro\/steam-plants\/\"><span>Instala\u021bii de abur<\/span><i class=\"fa fa-angle-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><a class=\"svt-scard\" href=\"https:\/\/www.s-vt.net\/ro\/plant-engineering-project-execution\/#lagertanks\"><span>Rezervoare de stocare \u0219i recipiente<\/span><i class=\"fa fa-angle-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><a class=\"svt-scard\" href=\"https:\/\/www.s-vt.net\/ro\/pipelines\/\"><span>Conducte<\/span><i class=\"fa fa-angle-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><\/div><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Service\",\"name\":\"Dimensionarea \u0219i calificarea instala\u021biilor de ap\u0103 demineralizat\u0103 \u0219i a buclelor de distribu\u021bie\",\"description\":\"Proiectarea \u0219i dimensionarea instala\u021biilor de tratare a apei (osmoz\u0103 invers\u0103, EDI), a buclelor de distribu\u021bie, sanitizare \u0219i sterilizare, precum \u0219i calificare GMP pentru industria farmaceutic\u0103 \u0219i cosmetic\u0103.\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.s-vt.net\/ro\/di-water-plants\/\",\"provider\":{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.s-vt.net\/#seefried\",\"name\":\"SEEFRIED Verfahrenstechnik GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.s-vt.net\/\",\"telephone\":\"+49 4203 789492\"},\"areaServed\":\"Worldwide\"},{\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Ce calit\u0103\u021bi de ap\u0103 se folosesc \u00een industria farmaceutic\u0103 \u0219i cosmetic\u0103?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Uzuale sunt apa demineralizat\u0103 (ap\u0103 complet desalinizat\u0103, respectiv deionizat\u0103), Purified Water (PW), Highly Purified Water (HPW) \u0219i Water for Injection (WFI). 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Uzuale sunt o\u021belul inoxidabil 316L sau PVDF cu suprafe\u021be Ra < 0,8 \u00b5m, ventile cu membran\u0103 cu spa\u021biu mort minim \u0219i \u00eembin\u0103ri sterile conform DIN 11864.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"C\u00e2t de des ar trebui sanitizat\u0103 o instala\u021bie de ap\u0103 demineralizat\u0103?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"De cel pu\u021bin patru ori pe an, de obicei prin \u00eenc\u0103lzire la 80 \u00b0C \u0219i o or\u0103 de circula\u021bie. Alternative sunt sterilizarea cu ap\u0103 fierbinte sub presiune la 110\u2013130 \u00b0C sau sterilizarea cu abur curat.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Ce calificare este necesar\u0103 pentru instala\u021biile de ap\u0103 GMP?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Analiza riscurilor, DQ, IQ, calibrarea, OQ, PQ \u0219i un raport final. Lucr\u0103rile de calificare ar trebui specificate \u00eenc\u0103 din caietul de sarcini.\"}}]}]}<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/section><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"rs_blank_template":"","rs_page_bg_color":"","slide_template_v7":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-18942","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Instala\u021bii de ap\u0103 demineralizat\u0103 pentru farma \u0219i cosmetice<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ap\u0103 demineralizat\u0103, Purified Water \u0219i WFI: osmoz\u0103 invers\u0103, EDI, bucle de distribu\u021bie, UV, sanitizare, sterilizare \u0219i calificarea GMP a sistemelor de ap\u0103.\" \/>\n<meta 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